The Ultimate Guide to Turning Compost Pile

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Composting has become increasingly popular for homeowners looking to reduce waste and create nutrient-rich fertilizer for their gardens. One crucial aspect of successful composting is regularly turning the pile. In this guide, we will explore the benefits of turning your compost pile, how often you should do it, and different ways to go about it.

Benefits of Turning the Compost Pile

Regularly turning your compost pile can provide several benefits that aid in the decomposition process. Some of these benefits include:

Increases aeration

Turned compost piles ensure that oxygen is evenly distributed throughout, which speeds up the breakdown of organic materials.

Accelerates the decomposition process

Turning the compost pile also mixes the inside layers with newer organic material, ensuring that the decomposers have equal access to all food sources.

Helps create a more uniform product

Uniformity of temperature and moisture levels help speed up the breakdown process; turning helps distribute moisture content in the compost evenly.

Reduces foul odor and pests

A well-aerated compost pile reduces the risk of unpleasant odors and pests, such as rodents, exploring the pile.

How Often Should You Turn Your Compost?

The frequency of turning your compost pile depends on various factors such as material added, environmental conditions, and availability of resources like time and energy.

The Rule of thumb

A general rule of thumb suggests that compost piles should be turned every two to three weeks or once the core reaches 130–150°F (54–66°C). This temperature range is optimal for decomposers to thrive and break down their food source effectively.

Monitoring Temperature and Moisture Levels

Frequent monitoring of temperature and moisture levels can determine whether it is time for a turn. If the core temperature has dropped, or moisture levels are too low, turning the compost will help fix aerobic respiration and increase decomposition.

Different Ways to Turn Compost Pile

Different methods can be employed when turning your compost pile. Some popular ways include:

Pitchfork or garden fork method

Probably the most popular, easiest, and affordable option. Simply use a pitchfork to turn the compost pile by hand. This method works best for smaller compost piles.

Compost Tumbler

A pre-fabricated container with a crank mechanism that requires minimal manual labour, ideal for small to medium-sized compost piles. Utilising tumbler-type composters provides two additional benefits of reduced pest and odour concerns and quick turnaround times.

Aerating tool

For larger compost piles where pitchforks may not be efficient or accessible, aerating tools are ideal for fast and easy aerating of compost piles with minimal physical strain.

Using PVC pipes

PVC pipe aeration is an affordable option that allows you to create air tunnels in your compost pile. Place horizontal holes at regular intervals and stick them into the pile about 15 inches deep. These pipes aid in improved airflow and oxygen levels, leading to faster decomposition.

Turning your compost pile may seem like a daunting task at first, but it is essential to create high-quality fertilizer for your garden while reducing waste. Follow the tips and tricks outlined in this guide, experiment with different methods, and find the one that works best for you.

FAQ

What if I don't turn my compost pile?

Not turning your compost pile slows down the decomposition process and may lead to unpleasant odors, pests, and reduced nutrient quality. It could take up to six months to transform the organic material without turning.

How do I know when to add more material to the compost?

When your compost pile starts looking low and compacted, it’s time to add more material. Also, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio gets out of balance.

What materials should not be added to the compost pile?

Do not add meat, dairy products or pet excreta to your compost pile as they may attract pests and release foul odors. Similarly, do not add diseased plants or seed-bearing weeds as they may re-sprout even after composting.

Can I still compost without turning the pile?

Yes, you can. However, it will take much longer for your compost to decompose and mature, and may experience unpleasant odours and pests.

Is there such thing as over-turning the compost pile?

Yes, turning your compost pile too often may disrupt the ecosystem created by the various creatures that assist in the decomposition process, reducing nutrient content.

What should the compost pile look and smell like?

Your compost pile should appear mostly uniform with minimal distinct layers, should feel about as moist as a squeezed-out sponge, and have an earthy scent.

How long does it take for compost to break down?

It usually takes anywhere between a few months to a year, depending on the environmental conditions, types of organic matter, and method employed.

Can I use a leaf blower to turn my compost pile?

No, leaf blowers are not suitable for distributing or moving heavy organic materials around; it can damage already decomposing material by breaking down essential microorganisms.

Am I doing anything wrong if my compost isn't breaking down?

Several factors may cause arrested composting, such as unbalanced carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, insufficient moisture or oxygen, and insufficient microbial activity. Take action accordingly with recommended tips.

Can I use commercial composting products instead of turning the pile?

Yes, but while these products speed up the process, they could be expensive and lack the unique blend of nutrients from what your household's waste would provide. It's more rewarding to make compost from household waste.